止血帶的正確使用 The correct use of a tourniquet 術前要對止血帶進行仔細檢查，如氣囊是否漏氣，打氣筒是否好用，氣壓表是否準確。 The tourniquet should be carefully checked before operation, such as whether the air bag is leaking, whether the inflator is used properly, and whether the barometer is accurate. 根據患者年齡、肢體周徑、病人體質等因素選用合適的氣壓止血帶。放置止血帶的部位應正確，止血帶要綁于肢體肌肉較豐富部位，以防損傷神經。上肢者放在上臂中上1/3處，下肢者應放在大腿根近腹股溝部。 Suitable pneumatic tourniquet is selected according to factors such as age of patients, circumference of limbs, and constitution of patients. The location of tourniquet should be correct, tourniquet should be tied to the more abundant parts of the body muscles to prevent injury to the nerves. The upper extremities should be placed on the upper 1/3 of the upper arm, and the lower extremities should be placed near the groin portion of the thigh. 綁止血帶時，止血帶下要墊一個小單（布），并使接觸皮膚面保持平整。止血帶要綁的松緊適宜，通氣管要放在肢體近端，即可防止污染手術野，又便于打氣。氣壓止血帶外最好再纏固定帶或繃帶加壓固定，防止充氣后滾動。 When tourniquet is tied, a small sheet (cloth) should be placed under the belt to keep the skin smooth. The tourniquet should be tighten up properly, and the ventilating tube should be placed near the extremities. It can prevent the contamination of the operating field and facilitate the inflation. Outside the pneumatic tourniquet, it is best to fix the belt or bandage to pressurize and prevent inflation. 止血帶充氣前應先抬高肢體，驅血帶驅血徹底后，再將止血帶的通氣管接于壓氣表上，緩慢將氣打入止血帶內。上肢壓力成人不超過40.0kPa（300mmHg），小兒不超過26.7kPa（200mmHg），下肢壓力成人不超過80kPa（600mmHg），小兒不超過33.3kPa（250mmHg）。 Before the tourniquet is inflated, the limb should be raised first. After the blood drive is completely removed, the tourniquet tube is connected to the pressure gauge, and the gas is slowly pushed into the tourniquet. The upper limb stress is not more than 40.0kPa (300mmHg) in adults, and children do not exceed 26.7kPa (200mmHg). Lower extremity pressure is not more than 80kPa (600mmHg) in adults and no more than 33.3kPa (250mmHg) in children. 準確記錄氣壓止血帶充氣時間，上肢以1h，下肢以1.5h為限，時間到時，需提前通知手術醫生做好放氣準備，如需繼續使用，應先放氣5～10min后再充氣并重新記錄時間。 Accurately record the air pressure tourniquet inflating time, the upper limb is 1H, the lower extremities are limited to 1.5h. When the time arrives, it is necessary to inform the surgeon in advance for the release of air. If you need to continue to use it, we should first inflate 5 to 10min and then inflate and record the time. 松止血帶時，放氣要緩慢，以免血壓急劇下降引起休克。手術完畢去除止血帶后，檢查病人皮膚有無損傷，必要時局部按摩數分鐘。 When the tourniquet is loosed, it is slow to deflate, so as to avoid a sharp drop in blood pressure and cause shock. After the operation is done, remove the tourniquet and check whether the patient's skin is damaged or not. If necessary, local massage for several minutes. 止血帶的使用誤區 The misuse of tourniquet 1 手術臺上捆扎的誤區 1 misunderstandings on the strapping on the operating table （1）肱骨及股骨中下段手術中，為減少出血，往往需要無菌止血帶，由主刀醫生在手術臺上捆扎，因而致使止血帶的松緊度沒有保證，充氣量也無法確定，造成出血，甚至出現皮膚壞死及神經麻痹等并發癥; (1) in the operation of the humerus and the middle and lower part of the femur, a aseptic tourniquet is often needed to reduce bleeding, which is tied up by the surgeon on the operating table. Therefore, the tightness of the tourniquet has not been guaranteed, the volume of the aeration is also undetermined, causing bleeding, even skin necrosis and nerve paralysis. （2）驅趕血液時，驅血帶每周圈間都留有大小不等的距離，形成間斷驅血，效果極差; (2) when the blood is expelled, there is a distance between the blood strips every week, which leads to intermittent blood drive, and the effect is very poor. （3）驅血時用力不勻，一繞一緩，不能持續用力，止血效果差; (3) when the blood is disused, the force is not uniform. If the wound is slow, the force can not be sustained and the hemostatic effect is poor. （4）肱骨中段手術中，為減少出血，使用小兒無菌止血帶止血，因氣囊短而窄，達不到壓迫止血的目的，反而出血更多。 (4) during the operation of the middle part of the humerus, in order to reduce bleeding, the use of aseptic tourniquet in children to stop bleeding because of the short and narrow airbag can not reach the aim of oppression and hemostasis, but more bleeding.